Apparatus for determining the specific gravity of liquids.



HASSINGER. APPARATUS FOR-.DETEIF/IINING THE-.SPCIFIC GRAVITY QF LIQUIDS.

. APPLICATION FILED 0(2T.l I3. ISI?.

1,290,553. mmm-IJ@ 1919;

f an ie GLPH T. 'HASSENGER, 0F CHECG', LLINS APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE SPEIFC GRAVITY LiQzUDS.

Specication of Letters Patent.

ria-tentera aan. a, raie.

Application flied @otober 13, 1917. Serial No. 195,4893

useful improvement. in Apparatus for Determining the Specific Gravltv of Liquids,

of which the following is a full, clear, conoise, and exact description, reference being' had to the accompanying drawings. termine: a part of this specification.

Mv present invention relates to apparatus for determining the specific gravity ot liouids.

More particularly my invention relates to volumetric measuring means in the term of a compensating vessel arranged to indicate the ratio between the volume and weight of a liquid in terms of its speciiic gravity.

My invention aims to provide a measurinLfveSSel having compensating means for accurately measuring the speciiic gravities of liquids of widelv different temperatures.

The procedure followed in the practice ot mv invention is to first weigh out a specified quantity of the liquid and then to measure its volume in the calibrated compensating' vessel of my invention. the displacement of the liquid in said vessel being readable directlv in terms of specific gravity.

This method is simule and' accurate and has found extensive nractice in the dairy industry for determining the percentage ot butter fat in milk and cream. The device as einnloved for this nurnose is arranged to read in percentages of volume.

My invention can be used for measuring the percentage of butter fat. in milk with particular nicetv and as l contemnlate usine; my invention for this purpose. l shall describe in detail the same in this adaptation, though it will be evident that the invention is equallv adapt-able to the measurement. ot the specific oravities ot acids. waters. oils or amv other liquids.

I am aware that various methods have been employed for compensating for thermal ditferences in the liquids tested. such as a graduated scale movable for dierent teni- Deratures` this substantiallv amounting' to increasingl or diminishing the volume of the sight glass along its linear dimension. but inasmuch. as the sectional area of the glass is small the increased volume obtained thereby was small compared to the volume of the vessel itself, accordingly the temperature range was too limited.

rllhe compensating means mentioned hereinbe'fore in my present invention includes broadly means for varying the capacity-of the vessel itself and thereby obtain a greatly increased thermal' range of adjustment to conpensatc for the variations in tempera ture of diderent liquids tested.

Other objects and advantages to be derived from the use'of my present invention will appear from the following detailed description and Athe claims, taken with an inspection of the accompanying drawing, in which- Y Figure l is a side elevation of a testing;r

vessel embodying the improvements of my invention;

T1. uw. 2 1s a fragment-al vertical sectional view or the same; and

' Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken onthe l line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawing. 10 designates the main body ot the test.- ing; receptacle, the same beine` semi-spherical in cross-section and having a flexible bottom il. The bottom is soldered or otherwise connected to the side wall, said bottom beingT formed with a nluralitv of annular shoulders l2 which facilitate flexing of the bottoin'when desired for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

A supporting 'volte is provided for the loodiv 10. said yoke comprising` a main nortion lrand a nair of arms 14 and 15. forininc substantially a U-shaped structure. The arms are connected at 16 and 17 to the sides of the vessel 10. the portion 13 extending diametricallv of the bottoni and in snaced relation thereto as best shown in Fia'. 2.

The calibratingr tube for use/in coniuncL tion with the vessel l0 is designated i8 and is preterably constructed of glass or other transparent material. The tube i8 extends to an extension i9 termed on a cap Q0 adapted tor threaded engagement as at 21 with a collar 22 vtermed on the upper end of the vessel l0. The can Q0 is aflanted to seal tents thereof'. Plaster-o-Paris or other sealing medium 26Y is employed for mounting the glass vtube 18 and the thermometer in the metal cap 20. Variations may be made 1n the structure of the tube, thermometer `and cap and the arrangement of the same ing 30 formed in the bar 13, the upper end vof the stud being engaged in a recessed projection 31 formed on the bottom 11. An annular 'groove 32 is formed in the stud 29 Within the projection 31 and a set-screvv 33 Y engages in said annular groove to hold the stud in engagement with the bottom 11. Upon rotation of the, disk the stud willabe caused to move vertically in the bar 13 which will impart a corresponding motion to the bottom 11, increasing or diminishing the volumetric capacity ofthe vessel 10 and tube 18. Atcircular scale 34 is provided on the upper face of the disk 28, said scale correspending in its divisions to the degrees of temperature, the scale being of a range to reach the ends for which the device is de#-V 'signed That is, the range may be from 35 to 100, or any other suitable range desired. At 53 the disk 28 would be in the position shown in Fig. 3 and a pointer 35 carried by the arm 15 vwill indicate on the scale 34 the degree of temperature for which the device is set.

In the broadest conception of my invention, the body 10 and tube 18 may be considered as one vessel, the body 10 being provided merely for structural convenience.

In operation, the disk 28 is normally inl the position for measuring liquids of a low temperature, the lowest temperature which a liquid would be Without freezing, such as milk in cans. Assume that in the test a quantity of milk (300 grams) is placed in the vessel atv a temperature of 80. This would be close to the temperature which milk usually is When taken from the cow.

The temperature of the milk will be noted un the thermometer 23 and the disk 28 rotated until the 80th division point on the 'scale 34 corresponding to the 80 Fahrenheit is in registration with the pointer 35. The :receptacle or vesselis now adjusted for milk at that temperature and by glancing at the scale 27 lon the tube 18 the specific gravity of the milk Will be indicated. Should the temperature be higher or loWer than 80 the disk 28 will be rotated to bring the corresponding temperature indication on the scale masones it Will be understood that the pitch of the thread on the stud 29 must be of a sucient degree to give the range of movement of the bottom 11 desired. I set no arbitrary pitch v to the thread since this can only be determined by experiment and adjustment to a standard vessel. rEhe. amount of milk placed in the vessel depends., of course, upon the amount for which the vessel is designed, that is, the'300 gram amount mentioned in the foregoing is not to be taken as a ixed amount, since for larger or smaller testing devices, used in the test, but the standard of operation is identical in larger or smaller devices. In the use of my improved liquid testing device it will be readily apparent that by the adjustment of the bottom the volumetric capacity cf the vessel' is changed to adjust itself to the variations in displace ment of the liquid at various temperatures.

As described, and as pointed out hereinbefore, the device is particularly useful in connection with determining the percentage larger or smaller amounts are to be of butter fat in milk and cream, but, of

course, I do not limit myself to this adaptation of the invention and also reserve the right to make detail changes in the structure thereot` such as do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

I claim: 1. In combination, a vessel calibrated to indicate the volume of a liquid, temperature indicating means on said vessel, and means graduated in terms of temperature for varying the capacity of the vessel to compensate for differences of temperature of the liquid placed therein.

2. The combination of a vessel variable in capacity, means'to adjust the vessel to varions capacities, means graduated in terms of temperature to regulate the adjustment, a temperature indicator on thevessel, and a volumetric graduated member on said vessel to indicate the displacement of the liquid therein.

3. In combination, a vessel calibrated to indicate the volume of a liquid placed therein. means to change the capacity of the vessel to compensate for temperature variadcions in various liquids received therein, and means calibrated to regulate lrst said means.

4. In combination, a vessel calibrated to indicate the volume of a liquid placed therein, and means having a scale to regulate the change in volumetric capacity of said vessel to compensate for variations in the temperatures of liquids placed in said vessel.

5. In combination, a vessel calibrated to Aindicate volume at a predetermined temperature, a temperature indicator on the vessel, and calibrated means to change the volumet 5 ric capacity of the vessel to compensate for Variations in the temperature of liquids placed in said vessel.

6. In combination a vessel having a volume indicating scale thereon, a temperature indicator` on the vee el, said vessel being variable in sigle, and' means on the Vessel calibrated 'inaccordance with temperature changes to vary-the volumetric capacity of -thevessel to com ensate. for various temindicate volume having a flexible bottom,4

pera-tures, of liqui s placed in the vessel for indicate volume having a 'iiexible bottom, a

frame carried by the Vessel, a threaded stud c engaging through said frame with the exlole bottom, a calibrated disk to rotate said stud in accordance with temperature changes for varying the volumetric capacity o the vessel, and. a temperature indicator on the vessel.

n witness whereof, l hereunto subscribe my name this Sth day of Qctober, D. im?.

ABGLPH T.'H SSENGER 

